What Are Tar Sands And Oil Shales

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What are tar sands and oil shale quizlet?

What are tar sands and oil shale? geologic structures that contain low-grade hydrocarbons mixed with clay sand or shale. Only $35.99/year.

What is the difference between oil shale and tar sands?

Oil shale is a form of sedimentary rock that contains kerogen which is released as a petroleum-like liquid when the rock is heated. Tar sands are a combination of clay sand water and bitumen which is a heavy hydrocarbon. Like the kerogen in oil shale tar sands’ bitumen can be upgraded to synthetic crude oil.

What is the meaning of tar sands?

oil sandsTar sands (also known as oil sands) are a mixture of mostly sand clay water and a thick molasses-like substance called bitumen. … Extracting bitumen from tar sands—and refining it into products like gasoline—is significantly costlier and more difficult than extracting and refining liquid oil.Dec 18 2013

What are tar sands and why are they a problem?

Tar sands extraction emits up to three times more global warming pollution than does producing the same quantity of conventional crude. It also depletes and pollutes freshwater resources and creates giant ponds of toxic waste. Refining the sticky black substance produces piles of petroleum coke a hazardous by-product.

What is oil shale quizlet?

Oil Shale. any sedimentary rock with various amounts of solid organic material yielding petroleum products and a variety of solid byproducts by the process of pyrolysis. Pyrolysis. heating rock to temperatures above 300 degrees c in the absence of oxygen.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using heavy oil from oil sand and oil shale as energy resources?

advantages:large potential supplies easy transportation efficient distribution system. disadvantages: low energy net yield released co2 and other air pollutants when produced and burned severe land disruption and high water use.

What is the difference between tar and oil?

It makes sense to describe the resource as oil sands because oil is what is finally derived from the bitumen. ‘Oil’ is more accurate than ‘tar’ to describe the naturally occurring bitumen deposits. Tar is commonly associated with distilled or manmade products such as the mixtures used to pave roads.

What is tar sands sludge?

Tar sands oil is a type of thick impure and sludge-like crude oil that must be diluted with other toxic chemicals for transport to refineries where it’s processed into petroleum products. … Tar sands spills are also much more difficult and 15 times as costly to clean up.

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What are the benefits of tar sands?

The Pros of Tar Sands

• It provides a localized economic benefit. …
• It is a secure source of energy. …
• Environmental changes can be repaired. …
• Recipients of tar sands experience economic benefits. …
• Land preservation efforts can occur simultaneously with tar sands operations. …
• It fits into existing systems.

Is oil sands crude oil?

Oil Sands Crude

The term oil sands refers to a particular type of nonconventional oil deposit that is found throughout the world. Oil sands sometimes referred to as tar sands is a mixture of sand clay other minerals water and bitumen. The bitumen is a form of crude oil that can be separated out from the mixture.

How do the oil sands work?

Steam is injected into the oil sands deposit reducing the viscosity of the bitumen. A mixture of mostly bitumen and water is pumped to the surface where the water is recovered and recycled. The deposit is mined and trucked to a main processing plant. Hot water is added to the oil sands producing a pumpable slurry.

What is tar oil used for?

Tar is also a general disinfectant. Pine tar oil or wood tar oil is used for the surface treatment of wooden shingle roofs boats buckets and tubs and in the medicine soap and rubber industries.

What is a tar sands pipeline?

Tar sands mine site in Alberta. Keystone XL is a proposed tar sands pipeline that would connect Alberta Canada with Gulf Coast refineries that would carry 800 000 barrels per day of tar sands oil across the United States to be refined exported and burned.

What is oil sand mining?

Mining refers to the oil sands extraction process whereby large amounts of earth are removed mixed with water and transported by pipeline to a plant where the bitumen is separated.

Why is tar sands oil bad?

In fact oil from tar sands is one of the most destructive carbon-intensive and toxic fuels on the planet. Producing it releases three times as much greenhouse gas pollution as conventional crude oil does. … In fact it has become one of the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gas emissions in that country.

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Which area of the world has the largest oil reserves?

VenezuelaVenezuela – 304 billion barrels Venezuela has the largest oil reserves of any country in the world with more than 300 billion barrels of proven reserves. That is a 17.5% share of the entire global resource and in 2011 the country surpassed Saudi Arabia to top worldwide list.Nov 4 2020

Where are the world’s most important reserves of oil shale quizlet?

Bitumen is extracted and refined into oil. Where are the world’s most important reserves of oil shale? Venezuela.

Which of the following is true or accurate about oil shale?

Explore

What is one of the major drawbacks of using tar sands as a source of oil?

Cons

• Enormous GHG emissions. …
• Relatively low net energy return compared to other sources.
• Large amounts of water required: roughly 3:1.
• Water pollution. …
• Destructive to major boreal forest.
• Widespread habitat destruction both on land and water.
• Requires expensive and risky pipelines.

What are the pros and cons of the oil sands?

• Very large supply. Second largest oil field in the world.
• Economically recoverable at today’s oil prices.
• Will help keep oil prices relatively low.
• Enormous growth potential. …
• Big economic driver in Alberta. …
• Stable source country (a rarity for oil)
• GHG emissions could potentially be minimized through CCS.

Obtaining shale oil from oil shale involves heating kerogen in a process called pyrolysis. … During the ex situ process oil shale is first extracted from the earth by surface or underground mining. The rock is crushed and then retorted (heated) to release the shale oil.

What is difference between tar and bitumen?

Bitumen vs Tar

The difference between Bitumen and Tar is that Bitumen is derived from sources likes coal and oil and exists in usually in solid form whereas on the other hand Tar is derived from sources like petroleum and wood and exists usually in the liquid form.

Is tar sands oil clean?

Spills of heavy crude oil from western Canada’s tar sands are more difficult to clean up than other types of conventional oil particularly if the spill occurs in water a new study by a high-level committee of experts found.

How are tar sands different than conventional oil?

Conventional crude oil is a liquid that can be pumped from underground deposits. … Bitumen is too thick to be pumped from the ground or through pipelines. Instead the heavy tar-like substance must be mined or extracted by injecting steam into the ground.

How do they extract oil from tar sands?

Currently 20% of oil sands reserves are accessible via mining techniques. Large shovels scoop the oil sand into trucks which then move it to crushers where the large clumps of earth are processed. Once the oil sand is crushed hot water is added so it can be pumped to the extraction plant.

Where are tar sands?

The largest deposits of tar sands in the world are found in Alberta (Canada) and Venezuela. The largest deposits in the United States are found in eastern Utah. Tar sands represent a potentially vast reserve of oil but come with their own environmental challenges.

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Why are the oil sands located in Alberta?

Alberta’s oil sands were formed millions of years ago as tiny marine creatures died and drifted to the sea floor and were covered by layers of sediment that exerted enough pressure and temperatures to transform the organic matter into oil. Over millions of years that oil became trapped in thick layers of sand.

Why do we need oil sands?

Overview. The responsible development of oil sands is a key driver of Alberta’s and Canada’s economy. It creates jobs and tax revenue for government which support the social programs and capital infrastructure projects we rely on.

What is good about oil sands?

“¢ The oil sands provide Canada with a relatively secure source of energy. While Canada’s oil supply isn’t unlimited Canadian reserves are the second-largest on the planet. “¢ The oil sands have spurred massive economic growth in Alberta.

How do oil sands affect social?

Tar Sands have both environmental impacts and social impacts To start with tar sands can cause air pollution-this can put humans at risk greatly because air pollution can cause asthma and respiratory diseases/inflammation . … Another impact of Tar sands is loss of biodiversity.

How is bitumen refined?

Refining bitumen generally requires a process called coking. Coking removes the excess carbon in the bitumen and distils it into a solid substance similar to coal called petroleum coke or petcoke.

What is Canada’s oil sands project?

Canada’s oil sands are the third largest proven oil reserve in the world. The oil sands are the third-largest proven oil reserve in the world representing 166.3 billion barrels (or 97%) of Canada’s 171 billion barrels of proven oil reserves (technical overview).

What is the Keystone pipeline project?

The Keystone Pipeline System is an oil pipeline system in Canada and the United States commissioned in 2010 and owned by TC Energy and as of 31 March 2020 the Government of Alberta. … In 2013 the first two phases had the capacity to deliver up to 590 000 barrels (94 000 m3) per day of oil into the Midwest refineries.

How is bitumen separated from the sand?

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