What Generally Happens When Subduction-Derived Magma Encounters Thick Continental Crust?

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Where two tectonic plates meet at a subduction zone one bends and slides underneath the other curving down into the mantle. (The mantle is the hotter layer under the crust.) … At a subduction zone the oceanic crust usually sinks into the mantle beneath lighter continental crust.

How does magma influences the explosiveness of an eruption?

More crystals in the magma enable more gas bubbles to form and so they make an eruption more explosive. The rate at which pressure is reduced also affects the explosiveness. … The speed at which gases are released from magma is also affected by the amount of small crystals in it where gas bubbles begin to form.

How does magma production in subduction level occur due to addition of water to the asthenosphere?

The water gradually seeps upward into the overlying wedge of hot mantle. The addition of water to the already hot mantle rocks lowers their melting temperature resulting in partial melting of ultramafic mantle rocks to yield mafic magma.

How does the point at which melting occurs control the distance of the volcanic arc from the trench?

Assuming melting always occurs at the same depth the distance of the volcanic arc from the trench is controlled by the steepness of the subducting plate – the steeper the subduction angle the less the distance between the arc and trench.

What does it mean by higher silica content magma in terms of viscosity?

The higher the amount of silica in the magma the higher is its viscosity. Viscosity is a liquid’s resistance to flow. Viscosity determines what the magma will do. Mafic magma is not viscous and will flow easily to the surface. Felsic magma is viscous and does not flow easily.

Why does silica make magma more viscous?

As the magma cools more and more bonds are created which eventually leads to the development of crystals within the liquid medium. … Magmas that have a high silica content will therefore exhibit greater degrees of polymerization and have higher viscosities than those with low-silica contents.

How does viscosity affects the movement of magma?

Heating reduces viscosity (warm syrup flows more easily than cold.) High viscosity lavas flow slowly and typically cover small areas. In contrast low viscosity magmas flow more rapidly and form lava flows that cover thousands of square kilometers.

What is the relationship between magma plumes and plate movement?

Magma plumes are areas of hot upwelling mantle.

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As oceanic volcanoes move away from the hot spot with the migration of their tectonic plate they cool and subside producing older island chains.

What happens after magma is formed?

Magma cools and crystallizes to form igneous rock. Igneous rock undergoes weathering (or breakdown) to form sediment. … As the sedimentary rock is buried under more and more sediment the heat and pressure of burial cause metamorphism to occur. This transforms the sedimentary rock into a metamorphic rock.

What happens to magma that is heated up at the core?

Decompression melting also occurs at mantle plumes columns of hot rock that rise from Earth’s high-pressure core to its lower-pressure crust. When located beneath the ocean these plumes also known as hot spots push magma onto the seafloor. … As the liquid rock solidifies it loses its heat to the surrounding crust.

How does subduction produce magma?

At the point where two plates collide one plate may be pushed under the other plate so that it sinks into the mantle. … The increased water content lowers the melting point of the mantle rock in this wedge causing it to melt into magma. This sort of magma production is called subduction zone volcanism.

What happens during the process of seafloor spreading include magma and lava in your answer?

This is an underwater mountain system found in the middle of the ocean. Magma erupts here and lava flows to both sides and hardens into rock. This occurs when rising magma erupts at the mid-ocean ridge and generates new ocean seafloor. …

How do subduction zones lead to the formation of volcanic activity quizlet?

II. EXPLAIN how subduction leads to volcanic activity. One of the plates is pushed down and melted and molten magma rises to the surface near the zone. … EXPLAIN how primary succession can lead to soil formation on a newly formed volcanic landscape.

What will happen if continental crust collides with oceanic crust?

When an oceanic and a continental plate collide eventually the oceanic plate is subducted under the continental plate due to the high density of the oceanic plate. … As time goes on the hot magma rising upward from the subduction zone causes further compression of the mountain belt.

What happens to oceanic crust as it collides with continental crust Why?

When an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate the oceanic crust will always subduct under the continental crust this is because oceanic crust is naturally denser. … Whenever a subduction zone is formed the subducted plate will end up being partially melted by the earth’s internal magma and molten.

What is subduction and why does it occur?

Subduction occurs when two plates collide at a convergent boundary and one plate is driven beneath the other back into the Earth’s interior. … Only oceanic plates which are topped with basalt are dense enough to sink into the mantle. As a result only oceanic plates are subducted.

How does magma viscosity influence the explosive potential?

A more viscous (thick) magma will produce a more violent eruption This is controlled in part by the concentration of silica in the magma. A magma with low silica (

What will happen to a volcano if its magma has high silica content?

Lava with high silica content is thick and viscous and does not readily flow. Lava rises up toward the surface but is too thick to squeeze through the cracks and fissures in the Earth. As lava continues to rise upward pressure continues to build.

What characteristics of magma determines its explosiveness?

Viscosity together with the amount of gas dissolved in magma can determine the explosivity of the eruption. More viscous magma with volatiles is more explosive than less viscous magma where gases can bubble out relatively easily.

What 2 things happen as a subducting plate sinks back into the earth?

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